Question 1: You want all messages from the kernel with a priority of "warn" or higher to be displayed on your 10th virtual terminal. What line in /etc/syslog.conf would guarantee this? |
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kernel.=warn /dev/tty10 |
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kern.=warn /dev/tty10 |
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kern.warn /dev/tty9 |
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kernel.warn /dev/tty10 |
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kern.warn /dev/tty10 |
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| Question 2: How would you assign the result of the calculation 5 + 4 to the enviroment variable SUM in the bash shell? |
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let SUM=5+4 |
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set SUM=5+4 |
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set $SUM=5+4 |
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let $SUM=5+4 |
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SUM=5+4 |
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| Question 3: Which command would copy the whole directory tree, including all subdirectories under /home/foo to /tmp? |
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cp -r /home/foo /tmp |
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xcp -s /home/foo /tmp |
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cp /home/foo /tmp |
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mv -cr /home/foo /tmp |
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cp -s /home/foo /tmp |
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| Question 4: How could you get the number of all accounts on your system, including administrative and system accounts? |
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wc -l /etc/passwd |
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numusers -r |
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userinfo --get_num |
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userinfo -n |
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count --lines /etc/passwd |
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| Question 5: What would the following command result in? cp /home/foo/bar /home/bar/foo /foo |
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This isn't a valid commandline |
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The files /home/foo/bar and /home/bar/foo are copied into the directory /foo |
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The files /home/foo/bar and /home/bar/foo are copied together in the file /foo |
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The file /home/foo/bar is copied into the directorys /home/bar/foo and /foo |
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The files /home/foo/bar, /home/bar/foo, and /foo are copied into the current directory |
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| Question 6: How could you start the command foo in the background? |
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foo -bg |
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bg foo |
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foo --background |
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background foo |
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foo & |
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| Question 7: What is a zombie-process? |
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A hung process which refuses to accept keyboard input |
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A process which isn't reachable by any signals |
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A process without own terminal |
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A process which kills other processes |
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A process which has already done its work but couldn't die due to other reasons |
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| Question 8: What tool could you use to change the nice value of a running process? |
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renice |
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nice |
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ps |
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top |
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setpriority |
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| Question 9: Which of the following regular expressions fits all words, starting with an uppercase letter and ending with an d (using grep)? |
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\b[A-Z].*d\b |
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\b[A-Z]*d\b |
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[A-Z].*d |
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[A-Z]*d |
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[A-Z]..d |
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| Question 10: What statement concerning the following wildcard is correct? [A-Z]\* |
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All files beginning with an non numeric letter |
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All files beginning with one of the letters A, Z or - |
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All files beginning with an uppercase letter followed by the backslash |
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All files beginning with an uppercase letter followed by one * |
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All files without numbers in their names |
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| Question 11: Which of these commands could you use to show one page of output at a time? |
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less |
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sed |
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more |
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pause |
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grep |
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| Question 12: How could you monitor the amount of free blocks on /dev/hda3? |
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df /dev/hda3 |
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ls -i /dev/hda3 |
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du -b /dev/hda3 |
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inode --free /dev/hda3 |
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dm -i /dev/hda3 |
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| Question 13: Consider a mounted partition /dev/hdc7 is mounted on /mnt. Which commands could be used to unmount this filesystem? |
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unmount /mnt |
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umount /dev/hdc7 |
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unmount /dev/hdc7 |
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mount -u /dev/hdc7 |
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umount /mnt |
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| Question 14: How could you generate a report of the user quota of /home? |
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edquota /home |
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quota --report /home |
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quotaed /home |
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quotarep /home |
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repquota /home |
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| Question 15: In the directory /home/foo exists a file named bar which is a symbolic link to /etc/services. If you would copy the link to /tmp using the command cp -d /home/foo/bar /tmp what would happen? |
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The destination /tmp/bar is a regular file with the same content as /etc/services |
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Nothing. The cp-command is not made for copying links. |
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The destination /tmp/bar is a symbolic link to /etc/services |
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The destination /tmp/bar is a symbolic link to /home/foo/bar |
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The cp command would ask you whether to create a link or a file |
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| Question 16: What would the following command search for? find / -perm +4000 |
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All files which are "unchanged" since more than 4000 minutes. |
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All files which are networking sockets with a permanent connection and which have transmitted more than 4000 Bytes |
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All files with a permission of at least 4000 |
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All files which are permutated more than 4000 minutes ago. |
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All files which are permutated more than 4000 times. |
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| Question 17: Which commands will give you information about how much disk space each file in the current directory uses? |
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ls -la |
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ls -a |
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ls |
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ls -l |
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du |
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| Question 18: What would be the result of the following command? init 3 |
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The first three tasks of the system initialization are started. |
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The process with PID 3 is forced to read it's configuration file. |
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The system switches to runlevel 3. |
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The system ist initialised three times for security reasons. |
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The job with the JobID 3 is initialised after being suspended. |
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| Question 19: What is the command to built a new manpage index database? |
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mandb-update |
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updatemandb |
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updatedb |
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mandb |
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mkindex |
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| Question 20: What command would send the output of cmd1 to the input of cmd2? |
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cmd1 && cmd2 |
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cmd1 || cmd2 |
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cmd1 | cmd2 |
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cmd1;cmd2 |
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cmd1 cmd2 |
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| Question 21: What command would you use to create a new group named foo? |
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mkgrp foo |
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create --group=foo |
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addgroup foo |
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groupadd foo |
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newgrp foo |
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| Question 22: What is described by the PS1 and PS2 enviroment variable? |
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PS2 is a link to the mouse-port of a ps/2 mouse, PS1 doesn't exist |
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Postscript Level 1 and Level 2 capabilities |
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The normal prompt and the following prompt of the shell |
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The different levels for the Power Save Mode |
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Shortcuts for the commands "ps" and "ps uax" |
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| Question 23: Having booted into runlevel 3, how would you change the runlevel 5 without rebooting? |
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telinit 5 |
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setinit 5 |
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ALT-F7-5 |
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startx |
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run 5 |
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| Question 24: The file /etc/syslog.conf contains the following line:*.=crit /var/log/warn |
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All messages of all facilities with priority "crit" are written into the file /var/log/warn |
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The syslog daemon reads its rules for all facilities with priority "crit" or any higher priority out of the file /var/log/warn |
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The syslog daemon reads its rules for all facilities with priority "crit" out of the file /var/log/warn |
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All messages of all facilities with priority "crit" or any higher priority are written into the file /var/log/warn |
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The file /var/log/warn contains a list of all errors which are defined as critical |
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| Question 25: You've defined an enviroment variable FOO with the content "bar" and now you want to start a new shell typing "bash". What of the following is neccesary to ensure, that the variable FOO has its content "bar" also in the new shell? |
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You have to open the shell with a leading dot (. bash) |
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You have to type the command "export FOO" before you start the new shell. |
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It is impossible to have the same variable in different shells. |
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Nothing, the content of a variable is automaticly inherited to the later shells. |
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You have to type the command "import FOO" after you've started the new shell. |
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| Question 26: How could you describe the following commandline? foo; bar; foobar |
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The commands foo, bar and foobar are processed one after another. |
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The command foo is processed. If it results without error, then bar and foobar are processed. |
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This isn't a valid commandline |
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The command foo is processed. If it results without error, then bar will be processed. If bar results without error, foobar will be processed. |
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The commands foo, bar and foobar are processed at the same time. |
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| Question 27: You've defined an enviroment variable FOO with the content "bar" and now you start a new shell typing "bash". Which of the following statements is true? |
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If you type "echo .. $FOO" you see the word "bar" as a result. |
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If you type "echo $FOO" you see an error message on the screen. |
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If you type "echo $FOO" you see an empty line as result. |
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If you type "echo $FOO" you see the word "bar" as a result. |
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If you type "echo . $FOO" you see the word "bar" as a result. |
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| Question 28: Which of the following commands could be used to search for a particular term inside a textfile without opening the file? |
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less |
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ex |
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grep |
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vi |
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sed |
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| Question 29: What would be the result of the following command? cp *.* /tmp |
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All files in the current directory would be copied to /tmp |
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This is a DOS-command - it has no meaning under Linux |
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All files in the current directory, which have one or more dots (.) inside their names - but neither at the begining nor at the end of the name would be copied to /tmp |
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All files in the current directory, which have one or more dots (.) anywhere inside their names but not at the beginning would be copied to /tmp |
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All files in the current directory, which have exactly one dot (.) inside their names would be copied to /tmp |
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| Question 30: Which command would change the owner of all files and subdirectories under /home/foo to foobar? |
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chown --recursive foobar /home/foo |
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chown foobar /home/foo |
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chown -R foobar /home/foo |
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chown -r foobar /home/foo |
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chmod foobar /home/foo |
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| Question 31: What command would you use to copy all files inside the current directory which names end with a number to /tmp |
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cp *[ |
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cp *.[0-9] /tmp |
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cp [*0-9] /tmp |
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cp *[0-9] /tmp |
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cp ?[0-9] /tmp |
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| Question 32: What is the number of the first logical partition on /dev/hda? |
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/dev/hda4 |
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/dev/hda1 |
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/dev/hdal1 |
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/dev/hda2 |
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/dev/hda5 |
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| Question 33: How could you check the integrity of a non mounted filesystem /dev/hdb7 even if it has a valid cleanflag? |
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chkdsk /dev/hdb7 |
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fsck /dev/hdb7 |
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fsck -f /dev/hdb7 |
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fschk -f /dev/hdb7 |
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hdcheck --force /dev/hdb7 |
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| Question 34: Under the bash shell which is the most appropriate place to set environment variables that apply to all users? |
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etc/profiles |
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/etc/profile |
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rc.sysinit |
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/etc/skel |
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rc.local |
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| Question 35: You want your users to be able to mount the CD-Rom on /dev/hdc. What is the right way to enable them? |
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Add the entry "may_mount(/dev/hdc)" into the users line inside /etc/passwd |
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Add the SUID-Bit to the /bin/mount command |
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Add the entry "user,noauto" to the options of the filesystem in /etc/fstab |
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Add the appropriate usernames to /etc/mountusers |
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Change the file permissions of /dev/hdc so that all users can write to this file. |
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| Question 36: What is the meaning of the sticky bit applied to a directory? |
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A user with write permission in this directory may not create any file there. |
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A user with write permission in this directory may not remove any file inside the directory if he is not the owner of the file to remove. |
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Everybody may read the content of the directory |
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Any user may remove files inside this directory, even if he is not the owner of the file to remove. |
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Nothing. The sticky bit is only used for regular files. |
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| Question 37: How could you read the current umask setting? |
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which umask |
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echo $umask |
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umask |
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umask --show |
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echo $UMASK |
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| Question 38: You create a symbolic link bar which points to the file foo. If you remove the file foo, what happens? |
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The link exists and it is possible to have access to it's content |
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The link exists but any access would lead to an error |
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The link is automaticly removed, too |
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The link but not the file was removed. |
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The link is automaticly changed into a regular file with the content of foo. |
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| Question 39: How could you get the following information: Which GID has the default group of user foo? |
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grep foo /etc/group | cut -d: -f4 |
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getuserinfo -gid foo |
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defgrp -n foo |
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grep foo /etc/passwd | cut -d: -f4 |
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defgrp foo |
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| Question 40: You have two program files named foo. One of them is located in /usr/local/bin and the other in /usr/X11R6/bin. How can you find out, which of the both commands would be used, when you just type the command foo? |
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find /usr -exec foo |
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find / -name foo |
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locate foo |
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which foo |
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find / -exec foo |
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| Question 41: You can give options to the kernel |
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using the options-command in /etc/lilo.conf |
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appending the options to the kernel name while using the bootmanager |
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writing the desired options to /proc/kernel |
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using the append-command in /etc/lilo.conf |
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using the chopt command while running the system |
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| Question 42: You want your Linux box to shutdown this evening for a technical review. How could you manage this shutdown, so that no user stays unwarned? |
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Use wall to write to every user's console to notify them. Also use /etc/nologin to prevent new logins. |
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Change the /etc/motd file to notify all users. |
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Use the at command to warn the users in regular intervalls |
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Just use "shutdown -h time" where time is the time of shutdown |
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Mail every user the time of the planed shutdown |
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| Question 43: After installing a new package which contains manpages, the man command does not find the new pages. What could be the reason? |
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The permissions of the new manpages have to be changed |
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The system has to be rebooted after an installation of a new package |
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New packages use a incompatible manual format |
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The MANPATH variable isn't set |
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The manpage index database has to be rebuilt |
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| Question 44: How could you inhibit a valid user on your system to login but offer him a possibillity to fetch his mail with POP3? |
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Use /bin/false as his login shell in /etc/passwd |
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Add the username to /etc/nologin |
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Add his name to /etc/users.deny |
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Add a # at the beginning of his line in /etc/passwd |
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Add an entry with his name to /etc/hosts.deny |
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Question 45: The file /etc/syslog.conf contains the following line:
*.crit /var/log/warn |
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All messages of all facilities with priority "crit" or any higher priority are written into the file /var/log/warn |
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All messages of all facilities with priority "crit" are written into the file /var/log/warn |
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The file /var/log/warn contains a list of all errors which are defined as critical |
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The syslog daemon reads its rules for all facilities with priority "crit" or any higher priority out of the file /var/log/warn |
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The syslog daemon reads its rules for all facilities with priority "crit" out of the file /var/log/warn |
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| Question 46: How could you read the contents of the enviroment variable PATH in the bash shell? |
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echo PATH |
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print $PATH |
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print PATH |
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echo %PATH% |
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echo $PATH |
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| Question 47: Which of the following commands could be used to turn all characters inside a textfile into uppercase without opening the file in an editor? |
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upcase |
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tr |
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recode |
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vi |
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sed |
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| Question 48: Many server-processes allow the root-user to force them to read their configfiles while running. How is this done? |
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Send them the SIGCONF signal |
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Send them the SIGPIPE signal |
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Use the reconf command |
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Send them the SIGHUP signal |
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Use the ps command |
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| Question 49: Which statements are true? |
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Only root can use negative nice values |
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A nice value reaches from 0 to 20 |
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Nice-values can be changed with the ps-command |
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A less nice value means higher priority |
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An even nice-value means high, an odd value low priority |
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| Question 50: Under the bash shell, when a command is running, pressing control-Z will usually do? |
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kill the command running in the foreground |
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move the foreground task into the background |
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suspend the foreground task |
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adds an EOF to the file |
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log the user off |
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| Question 51: How could you monitor the amount of free inodes on /dev/hda3? |
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df -i /dev/hda3 |
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dm -i /dev/hda3 |
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du -i /dev/hda3 |
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ls -i /dev/hda3 |
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inode --free /dev/hda3 |
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| Question 52: How could you get the information about the group membership of user foo? |
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cat /etc/passwd | grep foo |
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group foo |
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getusergrp foo |
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groups foo |
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which groups foo |
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| Question 53: What is the effect of the following command? foo & |
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The command foo connects its STDOUT and STDERR |
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The command foo writes its errorcode into the variable ERR |
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The command foo will be started again and again, until it returns a value of 0 |
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The command foo is started in the foreground |
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The command foo is started in the background |
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| Question 54: In the directory /home/foo exists a file named bar which is a symbolic link to the file foobar in the same directory, created with the command ln -s foobar bar. If you would copy the link to /tmp using the command cp -d /home/foo/bar /tmp what would happen? |
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The destination /tmp/bar is a symbolic link to /home/foo/foobar |
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The destination /tmp/bar is a symbolic link to /tmp/foobar |
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The destination /tmp/bar is a hardlink using the same inode as /home/foo/foobar |
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The destination /tmp/bar is a regular file with the same content as /home/foo/foobar |
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The destination /tmp/bar is a hardlink using the same inode as /home/foo/bar |
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| Question 55: How could you get a list of all running processes? |
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down |
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ps |
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top |
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getprocess |
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ps ax |
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| Question 56: How can you describe the function of the following commands? foo | bar > foobar |
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The command foo redirects its output to the command bar |
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The command foobar gets its input from the command bar |
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The command foo writes its output to the file bar |
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STDIN of foo is connected to STDOUT of bar |
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The command bar writes its output to the file foobar |
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